If you must stop suddenly and your vehicle is not equipped with ABS, you should:

When you must stop suddenly in a vehicle that is not equipped with Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), it is crucial to apply the brakes effectively to maintain control. Pressing firmly on the brake pedal while stopping just short of locking the wheels is the best method. This allows you to maintain traction and control over the vehicle, enabling you to steer if necessary while braking.

Locking the wheels can lead to a loss of steering control and may result in a skid. Therefore, the technique of pressing firmly but not locking up the brakes strikes a balance between stopping quickly and maintaining directional control, which is essential for safe stopping in an emergency situation. This method helps in maximizing stopping efficiency without compromising safety.

Other methods like gradually pressing the brake pedal or quick pumping can compromise stopping power and increase the risk of an accident, while steering to the side may not always be a viable option based on your surroundings or road conditions.